IP phone or IP telephony involves the utilization of an existing, integrated Net network to interact between 2 or more business or personal segments. The technology has replaced the previously explored PSTN or public switched phonephone network system. Calls created via IP telephony will traverse the established Internet network. IP phone technology empowers decision-making via proprietary protocols like Session Initiation Protocol and Client Management Protocol. The system might be fitted with software-based Soft-phones or special built-in hardware-empowered devices. With the ability of integrated analog telephony adapters, even straightforward telephones will be reused as IP phones. The essential parts of an analog IP phone embrace:

* A system that integrates the DNS, STUN and DHCP clients.
* Signaling and RTP Stack.
* Audio and video codecs.
* Special user interface.
* Dedicated hardware fitted with a microphone, earphones, keypad, show interface, voice engine, ADC and DAC converters, Ethernet and a battery or some DC source.

IP Telephony conjointly works along systems fitted within WiFi enabled mobile phones, PDAs and analog telephony adapters. Hardware empowered devices enable customers to use commercial VoIP or voice over Net protocol providers over existing PSTN telephony. Nowadays, the technology additionally accommodates styles that have designed-in GSM base stations to gain access to remote areas where low-powered gateway transmitting otherwise becomes impossible. IP telephony flaunts trendy features like access to:

* Caller ID.
* ID Calling.
* Automatic use of network-primarily based directories.
* Conference calls.
* Decision transfer and hold.
* Storing user name/range in systems facilitated by different service providers.
* Weather report analysis.
* Live news.

Disadvantages of IP Telephony:

The IP telephony or decision access via VoIP is not without its own set of disadvantages. These embrace:

* Limited or no use within the absence of an infatuated internet access. The system will not accommodate calls beyond the Local area network or LAN, unless there is an integrated, compatible PBX system in place.
* Total dependency on separate electrical connectivity. In contrast to the PSTN phones, IP Phones and routers connect solely via mains electricity. The system isn't empowered to figure via power generated from phonephone exchanges.
* Easy congestion. These networks, notably residential web connectivity, simply succumb to congestion. The result is poor voice quality or an entire decision-drop, in the midst of an emergency.
* Lapse in connectivity when exposed to high-latency connectivity. The technology will not empower net-call connectivity when exposed to latency induced by protocol overhead. The system conjointly fails to operate effectively when exposed to satellite net integration.
* Failure when integrated alongside other digital equipment. The IP telephony technology becomes redundant when other digital systems are integrated into the adopted phone line. Equipment like digital video recorders and residential security systems do not integrate with VoIP.
* Challenging emergency calls. The technology becomes a challenge to surpass an emergency. VoIP uses special IP-addressed phone numbers and not regular public-service NANP phone numbers. Hence, it becomes difficult for a 911 operator to spot the precise geographic location of the given IP address.
* Distorted facilitation when challenged by latency and packet-loss. The Web affiliation used by the IP telephony technology makes the integrated system vulnerable to broadband latency, jitter and packet-loss. The result is distorted and garbled communication due to transmission error.
* Exposure to Denial of Service attacks (DoS attack). IP telephony, like other web integrated networks, is subjected to Denial of Service break-downs if the address used is an public IP id.

IP telephony is susceptible to attacks from viruses and hacking. The system uses a technology that is fully passionate about the ability of integrated PCs. The resultant processor drain leads to frequent communication-quality loss and system-crash.

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VOIP communications with the skype wi-fi phone technology.