IP phone or IP telephony involves the utilization of an existing, integrated Net network to interact between 2 or more business or personal segments. The technology has replaced the previously explored PSTN or public switched telephone network system. Calls created via IP telephony will traverse the established Web network. IP phone technology empowers decision-making via proprietary protocols like Session Initiation Protocol and Shopper Control Protocol. The system might be fitted with software-based mostly Soft-phones or special engineered-in hardware-empowered devices. With the ability of integrated analog telephony adapters, even easy telephones can be reused as IP phones. The essential parts of an analog IP phone include:

* A system that integrates the DNS, STUN and DHCP clients.
* Signaling and RTP Stack.
* Audio and video codecs.
* Special user interface.
* Dedicated hardware fitted with a microphone, earphones, keypad, show interface, voice engine, ADC and DAC converters, Ethernet and a battery or some DC source.

IP Telephony also works along systems fitted within WiFi enabled mobile phones, PDAs and analog telephony adapters. Hardware empowered devices enable customers to use business VoIP or voice over Web protocol suppliers over existing PSTN telephony. Today, the technology also accommodates designs that have engineered-in GSM base stations to gain access to remote areas where low-powered gateway transmitting otherwise becomes impossible. IP telephony flaunts modern features such as access to:

* Caller ID.
* ID Calling.
* Automatic use of network-based directories.
* Conference calls.
* Decision transfer and hold.
* Storing user name/number in systems facilitated by totally different service providers.
* Weather report analysis.
* Live news.

Disadvantages of IP Telephony:

The IP telephony or call access via VoIP isn't without its own set of disadvantages. These embody:

* Limited or no use in the absence of a frenzied internet access. The system does not accommodate calls beyond the Native space network or LAN, unless there's an integrated, compatible PBX system in place.
* Total dependency on separate electrical connectivity. Not like the PSTN phones, IP Phones and routers connect only via mains electricity. The system isn't empowered to work via power generated from phonephone exchanges.
* Straightforward congestion. These networks, notably residential internet connectivity, easily succumb to congestion. The result's poor voice quality or a whole call-drop, in the midst of an emergency.
* Lapse in connectivity when exposed to high-latency connectivity. The technology will not empower net-decision connectivity when exposed to latency induced by protocol overhead. The system also fails to function effectively when exposed to satellite net integration.
* Failure when integrated alongside different digital equipment. The IP telephony technology becomes redundant when other digital systems are integrated into the adopted phone line. Equipment like digital video recorders and residential security systems don't integrate with VoIP.
* Challenging emergency calls. The technology becomes a challenge to surpass an emergency. VoIP uses special IP-addressed phone numbers and not regular public-service NANP phone numbers. Hence, it becomes difficult for a 911 operator to spot the precise geographic location of the given IP address.
* Distorted facilitation when challenged by latency and packet-loss. The Net association employed by the IP telephony technology makes the integrated system susceptible to broadband latency, jitter and packet-loss. The result's distorted and garbled communication thanks to transmission error.
* Exposure to Denial of Service attacks (DoS attack). IP telephony, like alternative internet integrated networks, is subjected to Denial of Service break-downs if the address used is an public IP id.

IP telephony is inclined to attacks from viruses and hacking. The system uses a technology that's utterly addicted to the power of integrated PCs. The resultant processor drain ends up in frequent communication-quality loss and system-crash.

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VOIP communications with the skype wi-fi phone technology.